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Horse race journalism
Horse race journalism is political journalism of elections that resembles coverage of horse races because of the focus on polling data, public perception instead of candidate policy, and almost exclusive reporting on candidate differences rather than similarities. "For journalists, the horse-race metaphor provides a framework for analysis. A horse is judged not by its own absolute speed or skill, but rather by its comparison to the speed of other horses, and especially by its wins and losses."
Horse race journalism is known to be a very negative subject in politics. Although it does show the standings of a poll or caucus, it fails to display the strengths/weaknesses of each politician. Media outlets have often used horse-race journalism with the intent of making elections more competitive and thus increasing the odds of gaining larger audiences while covering election campaigns.〔(Kilgore, Ed "Hyping the Horse Race" )〕〔 ISBN 9780816058754 (2006 version).〕 This form of political coverage involves politically handicapping stronger candidates and hyping dark horse contenders who are widely regarded as underdogs when election cycles begin.〔〔 Benjamin Disraeli used the term "dark horse" to describe horse racing in 1831 in The Young Duke, writing, "a dark horse which had never been thought of and which the careless St. James had never even observed in the list, rushed past the grandstand in sweeping triumph."〔 Political analyst Larry Sabato stated in his 2006 book ''Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections'' that Disraeli's description of dark horses "now fits in neatly with the media's trend towards horse-race journalism and penchant for using sports analogies to describe presidential politics."〔
==Reporting the polls in the 1976 presidential election==
During the United States presidential election, 1976, reporting of public opinion polls related to a horse-race image of campaign reporting. At this time, journalists reported in a way that portrayed the image of elections as a sporting event. Journalists ignored prediction, reported segments of the sample, dramatized spectacles, selectively compared results, made a number of errors, challenged the legitimacy of polling and disregarded certain data in their reporting.〔(Broh, C. Anthony "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election" )〕〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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